What is the main and striking difference between maps of Italy (19.1) and Germany (19.2), and the maps of Austo-Hungarian Empire (19.3) and the Ottoman Empire (19.4)? What do those lines and colors mean? Why did the growth of nationalism become such a treat to the empire?

What is the main and striking difference between maps of Italy (19.1) and Germany (19.2), and the maps of Austo-Hungarian Empire (19.3) and the Ottoman Empire (19.4)? What do those lines and colors mean? Why did the growth of nationalism become such a treat to the empire? Are we still in the golden era of nation-state today? Or is nation-state becoming a creature of the past?
See this video narrative (3 min 53 sec) How the Age of Nationalism Transformed Europe on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xVLe_E3PqIs

What is biogas?

1500 -2000 words
My research proposal is about BIOGAS. This project mostly talks about how using BIOGAS is a way to manage the environment.
This experiment is focused on saving the environmental fuel and reducing the unsustainable waste, the declination of fossil fuel, and

global climate change, by using Biofuel – Biogas.

First thing, I will give some information about my projects background:

what is biogas?

what is the difference between biogas and natural gas or chemical gas?

where is biogas used for?

how is biogas created?

how does it affect to the environment?

does biogas have any negative effect?

why is using biogas a good way to save the environment?

….(more)

The next step, focuses on specific background for my projects model:

which type of food waste produces more biogas?

how does the amount of food affect how much biogas it produces?

can biogas produce more energy more than regular gas?

The third one is my projects model: I will make my own biofuel by using the food waste from my homes kitchen. And then, the

gas that is produced will be collected. And I will make a report to compare my results to my hypothesis.

After that I do some more research to get information about successful biogas models in the U.S. also on the world, that theyve

already administered widely in life.

The main purpose is focusing on how the biofuel- biogas helps protect the environment.

General format:
Introduction: Explain the reasons for carrying out the work, outline the essential background and clearly state the nature of the hypothesis. Keep it to the point and make sure your introduction directly relates to the hypothesis you have tested. Clearly state your thesis by the end of your introduction. This is a good place to establish a clear connection between your project and Environmental Management. Citations for research should be in the format (author year) in the body of your text. Refer to skill C1, (a) and (b) in the Assessment Criteria for Coursework form.
Methodology: Describe the plan you used to collect data to test your hypothesis. Provide sufficient details of the techniques employed to enable the work to be repeated. Clearly explain your methods and be sure that you clearly tie your methods to your hypothesis. If appropriate include a diagram, map or photo and description of your study site. Refer to skill C1, (c) and (d) in the Assessment Criteria for Coursework form.
Results and Analysis: Present the data you have collected after you have analyzed it. DO NOT include tables of raw data. DO include tables of summarized data, results of statistical analyses, photos, diagrams, graphs and charts. Label tables with numbers Table 1. Charts, diagrams, graphs and photos should be labeled as figures and numbered separately from tables Fig. 1
Any table or figure you include in your report must be referenced in the text of your results. State the results and draw attention in the text to important details shown in tables and figures. If you have nothing to say about it, it should not be in your paper! The results section is where you say what you saw, or what you found, do not interpret your data yet. According to CIE, this should form the main part of your study. Refer to skill C2 in the Assessment Criteria for Coursework form.
Conclusion: What conclusions can you draw from your data? Was your hypothesis supported or not? Dont be afraid to admit your hypothesis was not supported. The data are what they are. It is your job to interpret your results to explain what those data actually mean. Use your knowledge of environmental and management principles to explain trends and patterns in your results. Refer to skill C3, (a) and (b) in the Assessment Criteria for Coursework form.
Evaluation: Reflect on the successes and shortcomings of your study. If you were giving advise to someone replicating your study what would you recommend? Dont just focus on the negative. Outline what parts of your study were most effective, but also discuss any limitations of your methodology, or things you would do differently in the future. Be careful that this section remains upbeat. The last thing you want is to end on a sour note with an evaluation that reads like a list of excuses. Refer to skill C1, (c) in the Assessment Criteria for Coursework form.
Citations: Use the format provided on the reverse of this page (from the journal Ecology).

The Policy brief is 5 pages (2 spacing) and is divided into five sections, each of which will have a heading and contain specific information. Graphs, charts, and tables are a great way to get a lot of information across in a concise format (not included in page count). -Introduction Define the issue/problem what is the cost/access/quality problem?

The Policy brief is 5 pages (2 spacing) and is divided into five sections, each of which will have a heading and contain specific information.
Graphs, charts, and tables are a great way to get a lot of information across in a concise format (not included in page count).

-Introduction
Define the issue/problem what is the cost/access/quality problem? (see framing the issue)
Why should we care about this issue? What impact is the issue having on access to affordable quality care?
What has brought the issue into the public eye? – Current legislation, court decision, litigation, or other causes?
What makes the issue controversial? Who are the main stakeholder groups impacted by this issue?
What will the bill due to address the issue?

-History and Background
Nature of the Problem and its Public Standing
What is the problem? How large is the problem? Who is affected by the problem? How does it impact access to care? Quality of care? Cost (affordability) of care? Offer data that substantiates the issues impact on access, quality, and cost of care.
What insights are there from academic, professional or public documents on this particular problem? Are there landmark studies? Are there studies that provide guidance as to a possible policy response?
Potential sources of reports and studies:
Institute of Medicine (IOM) and think tanks (see HPF Internet list)
Medical Journals
Health Affairs
Josiah Macy Foundation
Kaiser Family Foundation
Robert Wood Johnson
Congressional Budget Office (CBO)
Government Accountability Office (GAO)
What has been done to address this problem in the (recent) past and how well did those solutions work? What can be learned from these initiatives?
HINT: The History and Background section should supply many answers to the questions in your brainstorm list.

-Outcomes/Stakeholders
Stakeholders are groups with the power and the resources to influence policy. Identify stakeholders by anticipating likely outcomes of specific solutions (or bills) both intended and unintended. What is the bills purpose? Which groups stand to gain? What unintended consequences might result if the bill (or other solution) goes into effect? What stakeholder groups would be negatively affected by these unintended consequences? Is there potential for a coalition of stakeholders?
Identify allies and opponents. Recognize that your audience/decision maker probably cant (or wont) act alone. Which stakeholders have taken a position on this policy issue? What are their positions? Your audience will be most interested in the positions of the 800 lb. gorillas the groups with the most power and influence (and money).
What major alternative strategies have stakeholders proposed as solutions to this problem? How effective would these alternative policies be in increasing access to affordable quality care with a minimum of unintended consequences?
Do the political parties have a position on this issue?
HINT: The Outcomes/Stakeholder section should supply many answers to the questions in your brainstorm list.

-Recommendations
How should your congressmen vote on this bill? Why? Your decision does not have to be black and white you can recommend changes and amendments to the bill.
If your issue does not involve a current bill, what policy do you recommend to address this issue legislation? Make sure you defend your choice with data.
What will determine success? How will you know whether this proposal, if implemented, is successful? What time line and benchmarks could be used to demonstrate to the public that you have solved the problem as initially identified? Are existing data systems available to mark the progress of the policy?
What are the benefits and costs of this policy? Our political culture has designated the marketplace for resolving many allocation issues. Why should scarce public resources be used to help resolve this particular access/cost/quality problem? What are the benefits and costs to the public official (if applicable)?

Remember – the key to your credibility is objectivity.
References

-References
Use at least TEN separate current and credible sources of information cited according to APA style guidelines.

Choose two poems from those that have been assigned that you would like to compare and contrast. As with the first option, you must focus on specific element(s) of the poems for most of the essay, (for example: particular sensory imagery (connotation/implication), word choice, figure of speech, tone, sound, rhythm, etc.). but then also make some final connections to more abstract themes. Poems to use ——— The Kiss by Anne Sexton The Possibilities Beckian Fritz Goldberg

Choose two poems from those that have been assigned that you would like to compare and contrast. As with the first option, you must focus on specific element(s) of the poems for most of the essay, (for example: particular sensory imagery (connotation/implication), word choice, figure of speech, tone, sound, rhythm, etc.). but then also make some final connections to more abstract themes.

Poems to use ———

The Kiss by Anne Sexton
The Possibilities Beckian Fritz Goldberg

Discuss the dilemmas raised in deciding whether BIG should be available on the NHS

Identify different dilemmas and write about each in turn.Eg physical/emotional/psychological impact of infertility is subfertility/infertility and illness?
Success rates of IVF treatments. Alternative use of funds for prevention of infertility. ALTERNATIVE use of funds so they are allocated to non-fertility related services. What criteria should be used to decide whether to allocate resources to IVF? Conclusion – do you think IVF should be fully, partially or not funded on the NHS and why?
Draw on relevant literature such as academic studies as well as the NHS /HFEA website.